Turkish Demonstratives: bu, şu, o

Three words point at things, by distance: bu for what is near you, şu for what is a little further or being pointed at, and o for what is far away or already known to both of you. Bu ev. Şu araba. O kitap.

Each works two ways. Before a noun it describes: bu ev (this house). Alone it stands for the thing: Bu, güzel bir ev (this is a nice house). Before a plural noun it never changes: bu evler, never bunlar evler.

Standing alone, the three have their own plurals, bunlar, şunlar, onlar, and take case endings with an n bridge: bunu (this one, as object), buna (to this one), bunun (this one’s).