From and Until in Turkish: -den -e kadar

A range has a start and an end. The start takes -den (from) and the end takes -e followed by kadar (up to): dokuzdan beşe kadar (from nine to five), evden okula kadar (from home to school).

The same frame works for time and for place. On its own, -e kadar means until or as far as: akşama kadar (until the evening), köprüye kadar (as far as the bridge).

The two endings behave as always: -den hardens to -ten after a hard consonant (üçten), and -e takes a y after a vowel (ikiye, altıya). With digits an apostrophe separates the ending: 9’dan 17’ye kadar.